Nagara

Nagara is a musical instrument covered with animal skin, widely used by Newars and other communities. Nagara can be played individually, in pairs, or many together at once. It is covered with a round piece of animal skin on top of a pot-like clay or metal body. It is played with two sticks held in two hands.
The old names for Nagara are Dundubhi, Ranavadya, Patah, Bher, etc. In Newar society, this instrument was formerly played by the Jugi caste, so Nagara is also called Jugibajan. There are various types of Nagara, such as Dam Nagara, Jwo Nagara, and Majhwal Nagara.
Nagara is played in pujas, bhajans, and other musical performances depending on the place. In earlier times, it was customary to play Nagara daily in the evening by blowing muhali at various bahabahi, Bungadyo, Pigandyo, Ganedyo, Bhindyo, and other deities' places. Similarly, playing Nagara as part of the Panche Baja ensemble during weddings, Chudakarma, Jyajankwa, etc., is also an old tradition. In some places, bhajans are performed with Nagara as the main percussive instrument; these are called Nagara Bhajans. Nagara is indispensable in the Nau Baja of Yala (Lalitpur) and Khwopa (Bhaktapur).
Jwo Nagara
A pair of large and small Nagara is called Jwo Nagara. These two clay Nagara, covered with skin, are tuned differently. One has a deep (ghor) pitch, while the other has a high (teep) pitch. Jwo Nagara is played with two sticks held in two hands, producing various rhythmic patterns. It is a Newar tradition to play Nagara in various bhajans, musical groups, and festivals of the Kathmandu Valley.

Dam Nagara
Yey Laikulii Dugu Tahgvahgu Nigah Nagarayat Dam Nagara Bai Dev Nagara Dhai. The top is 1 meter deep and 1.5 meters deep.

Bhya: Bajang
Bhya: Bajang refers to the playing of one Majhuwal Nagara, a pair of Jwaha Nagara, Naykhin, and Chhusya in the Navabaja of Yala's Nyakoo Jatra.